# Copyright 2024 SGLang Team
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ==============================================================================

from __future__ import annotations

import logging
import math
from dataclasses import dataclass
from enum import IntEnum, auto
from typing import (
    TYPE_CHECKING,
    Callable,
    NamedTuple,
    Optional,
    Protocol,
    Tuple,
    TypeGuard,
    runtime_checkable,
)

import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F

from sglang.srt.runtime_context import get_parallel

try:
    from triton_kernels.matmul_ogs import GatherIndx, RoutingData, ScatterIndx
    from triton_kernels.tensor import make_ragged_tensor_metadata
    from triton_kernels.topk import topk as triton_kernels_topk

    def routing(
        logits,
        n_expts_act,
        sm_first=False,
        expt_indx=None,
        simulated_ep=1,
        n_rows=None,
    ):
        if simulated_ep != 1:
            raise NotImplementedError(
                "simulated_ep routing is not supported with triton_kernels 3.6.0"
            )

        if sm_first:
            logits = torch.softmax(logits, dim=-1)

        sparse_logits = triton_kernels_topk(
            logits,
            n_expts_act,
            apply_softmax=not sm_first,
            y_indx=expt_indx,
            n_rows=n_rows,
        )
        dispatch_indx = sparse_logits.mask_metadata.row_sorted_indx
        combine_indx = sparse_logits.mask_metadata.col_sorted_indx
        ragged_metadata = make_ragged_tensor_metadata(
            sparse_logits.mask_metadata.col_sum, dispatch_indx.shape[0]
        )
        gate_scal = sparse_logits.vals.flatten()[combine_indx]
        routing_data = RoutingData(
            gate_scal,
            ragged_metadata.slice_sizes,
            logits.shape[-1],
            n_expts_act,
            ragged_metadata,
        )
        gather_indx = GatherIndx(combine_indx, dispatch_indx)
        scatter_indx = ScatterIndx(dispatch_indx, combine_indx)
        return routing_data, gather_indx, scatter_indx

except ImportError:
    pass

from sglang.kernels.ops.attention.dsv4 import mask_topk_ids
from sglang.srt.distributed import (
    get_tp_group,
)
from sglang.srt.distributed.device_communicators.pynccl_allocator import (
    use_symmetric_memory,
)
from sglang.srt.environ import envs
from sglang.srt.eplb import expert_location_dispatch
from sglang.srt.eplb.expert_distribution import get_global_expert_distribution_recorder
from sglang.srt.eplb.expert_location_dispatch import (
    ExpertLocationDispatchInfo,
    topk_ids_logical_to_physical,
)
from sglang.srt.layers.dp_attention import is_allocation_symmetric
from sglang.srt.layers.moe import get_moe_runner_backend
from sglang.srt.layers.moe.utils import (
    has_per_rank_fused_shared_slots,
)
from sglang.srt.layers.utils import MultiPlatformOp
from sglang.srt.state_capturer.routed_experts import get_global_experts_capturer
from sglang.srt.utils import (
    cpu_has_amx_support,
    get_bool_env_var,
    get_compiler_backend,
    is_cpu,
    is_cuda,
    is_hip,
    is_musa,
    is_npu,
    is_xpu,
)

_SGLANG_EXPERIMENTAL_LORA_OPTI = envs.SGLANG_EXPERIMENTAL_LORA_OPTI.get()

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from sglang.srt.layers.quantization import QuantizationConfig


logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
_is_cuda = is_cuda()
_is_hip = is_hip()
_is_cpu = is_cpu()
_is_cpu_amx_available = cpu_has_amx_support()
_is_xpu = is_xpu()
_is_npu = is_npu()
_use_aiter = get_bool_env_var("SGLANG_USE_AITER") and _is_hip
_is_musa = is_musa()

# Epsilon added to the top-k weight sum before renormalization, matching the
# DeepSeek reference gate (modeling_deepseek.py: `topk_weight.sum(...) + 1e-20`)
# and flashinfer's trtllm routing kernels (mSumEpsilon). With sigmoid scoring
# plus a selection bias, a token whose selected experts all have deeply negative
# router logits can have every gathered sigmoid weight underflow to exactly
# zero; a bare division then yields 0/0 = NaN and poisons the token's output
# row. For healthy tokens the sum is >= sigmoid(logit_max) >> 1e-20, so results
# are unchanged. The renormalization is performed in float32 (the reference gate
# computes the whole gate in fp32); the epsilon underflows to zero in float16.
_RENORMALIZE_SUM_EPSILON = 1e-20

# Experimental: skip the HIP padded-token routing-weight masking entirely.
# Padded (CUDA-graph) rows are discarded downstream and the MoE combine is
# per-token, so zeroing their weights is in principle unnecessary. Gated off by
# default because it is a numerics-affecting change that must be validated with
# an accuracy run before becoming the default.
_skip_hip_pad_mask = get_bool_env_var("SGLANG_MORI_NO_PAD_MASK", "False")


if _is_cuda:
    try:
        from flashinfer.fused_moe import fused_topk_deepseek as _fused_topk_deepseek

        from sglang.srt.utils.custom_op import register_custom_op

        @register_custom_op(
            op_name="fused_topk_deepseek",
            mutates_args=["topk_weights", "topk_ids"],
        )
        def fused_topk_deepseek(
            gating_output: torch.Tensor,
            correction_bias: torch.Tensor,
            num_expert_group: int,
            topk_group: int,
            topk: int,
            scaling_factor: float,
            topk_weights: torch.Tensor,
            topk_ids: torch.Tensor,
            renormalize: bool,
        ) -> None:
            _fused_topk_deepseek(
                gating_output,
                correction_bias,
                num_expert_group,
                topk_group,
                topk,
                scaling_factor,
                topk_weights,
                topk_ids,
                renormalize,
            )

    except ImportError:
        fused_topk_deepseek = None

if _is_cuda or _is_hip or _is_xpu:
    if _is_xpu:
        # XPU has no tvm_ffi, so the CUDA JIT topk_sigmoid isn't reachable;
        # use the AOT symbols from sgl_kernel directly. topk_sigmoid was aligned
        # with the post-#28715 CUDA signature in sgl-kernel-xpu#285.
        from sgl_kernel import topk_sigmoid, topk_softmax
    else:
        from sglang.kernels.ops.moe import topk_softmax

        try:
            from sglang.kernels.ops.moe.moe_topk_sigmoid import topk_sigmoid
        except ImportError:
            pass
if _use_aiter:
    try:
        from aiter import biased_grouped_topk as aiter_biased_grouped_topk
        from aiter.fused_moe import fused_topk as aiter_fused_topk
    except ImportError:
        raise ImportError("aiter is required when SGLANG_USE_AITER is set to True")
if _is_musa:
    try:
        from mate import moe_fused_gate
    except ImportError:
        raise ImportError("mate is required for the biased grouped topk.")

    from sglang.srt.hardware_backend.musa.kernels.topk import topk_sigmoid, topk_softmax

# -------------------------------- TopKConfig ---------------------------------------


@dataclass
class TopKConfig:
    top_k: int
    use_grouped_topk: bool = False
    topk_group: Optional[int] = None
    num_expert_group: Optional[int] = None
    renormalize: bool = True
    num_fused_shared_experts: int = 0
    custom_routing_function: Optional[Callable] = None
    correction_bias: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None
    torch_native: bool = False
    routed_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None
    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output: bool = False
    fused_shared_experts_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None
    output_format: Optional[TopKOutputFormat] = None
    scoring_func: str = "softmax"
    # Draft-side MoE blocks set this False so they never write the target's
    # process-global routed-experts capture buffer.
    allow_routed_experts_capture: bool = True


# -------------------------------- TopKOutput ---------------------------------------


class TopKOutputChecker:

    @staticmethod
    def format_is_standard(topk_output: TopKOutput) -> TypeGuard[StandardTopKOutput]:
        # ===== TO BE REFACTORED ====
        # The experimental fused topk+pack carrier only exists under the master switch.
        if _SGLANG_EXPERIMENTAL_LORA_OPTI:
            return isinstance(
                topk_output, (StandardTopKOutput, StandardTopKOutputPacked)
            )
        # ===== END TO BE REFACTORED ====
        return isinstance(topk_output, StandardTopKOutput)

    @staticmethod
    def format_is_triton_kernels(
        topk_output: TopKOutput,
    ) -> TypeGuard[TritonKernelTopKOutput]:
        return isinstance(topk_output, TritonKernelTopKOutput)

    @staticmethod
    def format_is_bypassed(topk_output: TopKOutput) -> TypeGuard[BypassedTopKOutput]:
        return isinstance(topk_output, BypassedTopKOutput)

    @staticmethod
    def format_is_packed(topk_output: TopKOutput) -> TypeGuard[PackedTopKOutput]:
        return isinstance(topk_output, PackedTopKOutput)


class TopKOutputFormat(IntEnum):
    STANDARD = auto()
    TRITON_KERNEL = auto()
    BYPASSED = auto()
    PACKED = auto()


@runtime_checkable
class TopKOutput(Protocol):
    """Protocol for top-k outputs in different formats."""

    @property
    def format(self) -> TopKOutputFormat:
        """The format of the output."""
        ...


class StandardTopKOutput(NamedTuple):
    """Standard top-k output format."""

    topk_weights: torch.Tensor
    topk_ids: torch.Tensor
    router_logits: torch.Tensor

    @property
    def format(self) -> TopKOutputFormat:
        return TopKOutputFormat.STANDARD


# ===== TO BE REFACTORED ====
# Experimental fused topk+pack (SGLANG_OPT_LORA_FUSED_TOPK_PACK) carrier: the FlashInfer
# routed-MoE packed topk produced fused in the gating kernel. Kept a SEPARATE type rather
# than a 4th StandardTopKOutput field so the OSS `a, b, _ = topk_output` 3-tuple unpack
# stays valid; only the gated experimental MoE dispatch reads .packed_topk_ids (getattr).
class StandardTopKOutputPacked(NamedTuple):
    topk_weights: torch.Tensor
    topk_ids: torch.Tensor
    router_logits: torch.Tensor
    packed_topk_ids: torch.Tensor

    @property
    def format(self) -> TopKOutputFormat:
        return TopKOutputFormat.STANDARD


# ===== END TO BE REFACTORED ====


class TritonKernelTopKOutput(NamedTuple):
    """Triton kernel top-k output format."""

    routing_data: RoutingData
    gather_indx: GatherIndx
    scatter_indx: ScatterIndx

    @property
    def format(self) -> TopKOutputFormat:
        return TopKOutputFormat.TRITON_KERNEL


class BypassedTopKOutput(NamedTuple):
    """Bypassed top-k output format."""

    hidden_states: torch.Tensor
    router_logits: torch.Tensor
    topk_config: TopKConfig
    num_token_non_padded: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None
    expert_location_dispatch_info: Optional[ExpertLocationDispatchInfo] = None

    @property
    def format(self) -> TopKOutputFormat:
        return TopKOutputFormat.BYPASSED

    def to_standard(self, layer_id: Optional[int] = None) -> StandardTopKOutput:
        """Materialize routing tensors. Used by MoE kernels that need explicit
        topk_ids / topk_weights rather than doing routing internally."""
        return select_experts(
            hidden_states=self.hidden_states,
            router_logits=self.router_logits,
            topk_config=self.topk_config,
            layer_id=layer_id,
            num_token_non_padded=self.num_token_non_padded,
            expert_location_dispatch_info=self.expert_location_dispatch_info,
        )


class PackedTopKOutput(NamedTuple):
    """Packed top-k output format used by FlashInfer TRT-LLM routed MoE.

    ``packed_topk_ids`` is an int32 tensor of shape (num_tokens, top_k) where each
    element encodes the expert id in the upper 16 bits and the bf16 routing
    weight bits in the lower 16 bits, matching FlashInfer's packed layout.
    """

    packed_topk_ids: torch.Tensor
    router_logits: torch.Tensor

    @property
    def format(self) -> TopKOutputFormat:
        return TopKOutputFormat.PACKED


def _make_round_robin_expert_ids(
    num_tokens: int,
    topk: int,
    num_experts: int,
    *,
    device: torch.device,
    dtype: torch.dtype,
    layer_id: Optional[int] = None,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    if topk == 0:
        return torch.empty((num_tokens, 0), device=device, dtype=dtype)

    step = max(num_experts // topk, 1)
    layer_offset = 0 if layer_id is None else layer_id
    offsets = torch.arange(num_tokens, device=device, dtype=dtype).unsqueeze(1)
    steps = torch.arange(topk, device=device, dtype=dtype).unsqueeze(0) * step
    return (offsets + layer_offset + steps) % num_experts


# -------------------------------- TopK ---------------------------------------


class TopK(MultiPlatformOp):
    """
    Parameters:
    --top_k: The all number of top experts selected per token, including the fused shared expert(s).
    --num_fused_shared_experts: num of shared experts, can be activate both in TP or EP mode.
    --routed_scaling_factor: the scaling factor for routed experts in topk_weights.
    --fused_shared_experts_scaling_factor: scaling factor for fused shared experts on AMD-platform.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        top_k: int,
        *,
        layer_id: Optional[int] = None,
        use_grouped_topk: bool = False,
        topk_group: Optional[int] = None,
        num_expert_group: Optional[int] = None,
        renormalize: bool = True,
        num_fused_shared_experts: int = 0,
        custom_routing_function: Optional[Callable] = None,
        scoring_func: str = "softmax",
        correction_bias: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        quant_config: Optional[QuantizationConfig] = None,
        routed_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None,
        apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output: Optional[bool] = False,
        output_format: Optional[TopKOutputFormat] = None,
        fused_shared_experts_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None,
        is_fp4_experts: bool = False,
        allow_routed_experts_capture: bool = True,
    ):
        # NOTE: scoring_func is not used for now, but we keep it for future use
        # see https://github.com/sgl-project/sglang/pull/4505 for more details
        super().__init__()

        if use_grouped_topk:
            assert num_expert_group is not None and topk_group is not None

        self.layer_id = layer_id
        from sglang.srt.runtime_context import get_server_args

        self.enable_waterfill = (
            num_fused_shared_experts > 0 and get_server_args().enable_waterfill
        )

        self.waterfill_balancer = None
        if self.enable_waterfill:
            # TODO(ch-wan): Refactor shared-expert fusion and routed TopK fusion.
            top_k -= num_fused_shared_experts
            num_fused_shared_experts = 0
            output_format = TopKOutputFormat.STANDARD

        # flashinfer_mxfp4 backend only: True -> STANDARD (Mxfp4FlashinferTrtllmMoEMethod
        # consumes), False -> BYPASSED (flashinfer's own mxfp4 kernel). No-op otherwise.
        self.is_fp4_experts = is_fp4_experts
        self.topk_config = TopKConfig(
            top_k=top_k,
            use_grouped_topk=use_grouped_topk,
            renormalize=renormalize,
            topk_group=topk_group,
            num_expert_group=num_expert_group,
            num_fused_shared_experts=num_fused_shared_experts,
            custom_routing_function=custom_routing_function,
            correction_bias=correction_bias,
            routed_scaling_factor=routed_scaling_factor,
            apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output=apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output,
            fused_shared_experts_scaling_factor=fused_shared_experts_scaling_factor,
            output_format=output_format,
            scoring_func=scoring_func,
            allow_routed_experts_capture=allow_routed_experts_capture,
        )

    def _apply_waterfill(self, topk_output: TopKOutput, num_tokens: int) -> TopKOutput:
        if self.enable_waterfill and self.waterfill_balancer is None:
            raise RuntimeError(
                "Waterfill TopK must be prepared by ModelRunner before forward."
            )
        if self.waterfill_balancer is None:
            return topk_output
        assert TopKOutputChecker.format_is_standard(topk_output)
        return self.waterfill_balancer.expand_topk(topk_output, num_tokens)

    def forward_native(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        router_logits: torch.Tensor,
        *,
        num_token_non_padded: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        expert_location_dispatch_info: Optional[ExpertLocationDispatchInfo] = None,
    ) -> TopKOutput:
        self.topk_config.torch_native = True
        topk_output = select_experts(
            hidden_states=hidden_states,
            layer_id=self.layer_id,
            router_logits=router_logits,
            topk_config=self.topk_config,
            num_token_non_padded=num_token_non_padded,
            expert_location_dispatch_info=expert_location_dispatch_info,
        )
        return self._apply_waterfill(topk_output, hidden_states.shape[0])

    def forward_cuda(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        router_logits: torch.Tensor,
        *,
        num_token_non_padded: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        expert_location_dispatch_info: Optional[ExpertLocationDispatchInfo] = None,
    ) -> TopKOutput:
        if self.topk_config.output_format is not None:
            output_format = self.topk_config.output_format
        elif get_moe_runner_backend().is_triton_kernels():
            output_format = TopKOutputFormat.TRITON_KERNEL
        # ===== TO BE REFACTORED ====
        elif get_moe_runner_backend().is_experimental_sgl_trtllm():
            try:
                from sglang.srt.runtime_context import get_server_args

                use_standard_for_lora = bool(get_server_args().enable_lora)
            except ValueError:
                use_standard_for_lora = False
            output_format = (
                TopKOutputFormat.STANDARD
                if use_standard_for_lora
                else TopKOutputFormat.BYPASSED
            )
        # ===== END TO BE REFACTORED ====
        elif get_moe_runner_backend().is_flashinfer_trtllm() or (
            get_moe_runner_backend().is_flashinfer_mxfp4() and not self.is_fp4_experts
        ):
            output_format = TopKOutputFormat.BYPASSED
        else:
            output_format = TopKOutputFormat.STANDARD

        if output_format == TopKOutputFormat.TRITON_KERNEL:
            # renormalize=True is equivalent to sm_first=False
            routing_data, gather_idx, scatter_idx = routing(
                router_logits,
                self.topk_config.top_k,
                sm_first=not self.topk_config.renormalize,
            )
            return TritonKernelTopKOutput(routing_data, gather_idx, scatter_idx)
        elif output_format == TopKOutputFormat.BYPASSED:
            return BypassedTopKOutput(
                hidden_states=hidden_states,
                router_logits=router_logits,
                topk_config=self.topk_config,
                num_token_non_padded=num_token_non_padded,
                expert_location_dispatch_info=expert_location_dispatch_info,
            )
        else:
            self.topk_config.torch_native = False
            with use_symmetric_memory(
                get_tp_group(), disabled=not is_allocation_symmetric()
            ):
                topk_output = select_experts(
                    hidden_states=hidden_states,
                    layer_id=self.layer_id,
                    router_logits=router_logits,
                    topk_config=self.topk_config,
                    num_token_non_padded=num_token_non_padded,
                    expert_location_dispatch_info=expert_location_dispatch_info,
                )
        return self._apply_waterfill(topk_output, hidden_states.shape[0])

    def forward_cpu(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        router_logits: torch.Tensor,
        *,
        num_token_non_padded: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        expert_location_dispatch_info: Optional[ExpertLocationDispatchInfo] = None,
    ) -> TopKOutput:
        topk_output = select_experts(
            hidden_states=hidden_states,
            layer_id=self.layer_id,
            router_logits=router_logits,
            topk_config=self.topk_config,
            num_token_non_padded=num_token_non_padded,
            expert_location_dispatch_info=expert_location_dispatch_info,
        )
        return self._apply_waterfill(topk_output, hidden_states.shape[0])

    def forward_npu(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        router_logits: torch.Tensor,
        *,
        num_token_non_padded: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        expert_location_dispatch_info: Optional[ExpertLocationDispatchInfo] = None,
    ) -> TopKOutput:

        from sglang.srt.hardware_backend.npu.moe.topk import fused_topk_npu

        return fused_topk_npu(
            hidden_states=hidden_states,
            router_logits=router_logits,
            topk_config=self.topk_config,
            num_token_non_padded=num_token_non_padded,
            expert_location_dispatch_info=expert_location_dispatch_info,
            layer_id=self.layer_id,
        )

    def empty_topk_output(
        self, device: torch.device, *, layer_id: Optional[int] = None
    ) -> TopKOutput:
        """Return an empty topk output for a rank with zero tokens this forward.

        When ``layer_id`` is provided and the active dispatch algorithm is LP,
        also calls ``LPLBSolver.solve(empty)`` so that this rank participates
        in the EP all-reduce. Without this, an empty rank would skip the
        collective and deadlock under DP-attention.
        """
        if layer_id is not None:
            # Skip the full ExpertLocationDispatchInfo allocation — we only
            # need the per-layer solver to participate in the EP all-reduce.
            from sglang.srt.eplb.lplb_solver import get_global_lplb_solver

            lplb_solver = get_global_lplb_solver(layer_id)
            if lplb_solver is not None:
                lplb_solver.solve(
                    torch.empty(
                        (0, self.topk_config.top_k),
                        dtype=torch.int32,
                        device=device,
                    )
                )
        topk = self.topk_config.top_k - self.topk_config.num_fused_shared_experts
        with use_symmetric_memory(
            get_tp_group(), disabled=not is_allocation_symmetric()
        ):
            topk_weights = torch.empty((0, topk), dtype=torch.float32, device=device)
            topk_ids = torch.full((0, topk), -1, dtype=torch.int32, device=device)
        # FIXME: router_logits should be of size (0, num_experts)
        router_logits = torch.empty((0, topk), dtype=torch.float32, device=device)
        topk_output = StandardTopKOutput(topk_weights, topk_ids, router_logits)
        if has_per_rank_fused_shared_slots(self.topk_config.num_fused_shared_experts):
            n = self.topk_config.num_fused_shared_experts
            topk_output = topk_output._replace(
                topk_ids=topk_output.topk_ids.new_empty(
                    (0, topk_output.topk_ids.shape[-1] + n)
                ),
                topk_weights=topk_output.topk_weights.new_empty(
                    (0, topk_output.topk_weights.shape[-1] + n)
                ),
            )
        return self._apply_waterfill(topk_output, 0)

    def forward_xpu(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        router_logits: torch.Tensor,
        *,
        num_token_non_padded: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        expert_location_dispatch_info: Optional[ExpertLocationDispatchInfo] = None,
    ) -> TopKOutput:
        self.topk_config.torch_native = True
        # [NOTE] XPU device support for topk kernels
        #   - support 'topk_softmax' and 'topk_sigmoid'
        #   - support up to 8 top-k and 256 experts
        self.topk_config.torch_native = not (
            self.topk_config.top_k <= 8 and router_logits.shape[1] <= 256
        )

        return select_experts(
            hidden_states=hidden_states,
            layer_id=self.layer_id,
            router_logits=router_logits,
            topk_config=self.topk_config,
            num_token_non_padded=num_token_non_padded,
            expert_location_dispatch_info=expert_location_dispatch_info,
        )


# ------------------------------- TopK implementation -------------------------------------


def fused_topk_torch_native(
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    gating_output: torch.Tensor,
    topk: int,
    renormalize: bool,
    correction_bias: torch.Tensor = None,
    scoring_func: str = "softmax",
):
    def scoring_func_impl(gating_output: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        if scoring_func == "softmax":
            return gating_output.softmax(dim=-1)
        elif scoring_func == "sigmoid":
            return gating_output.sigmoid()
        elif scoring_func == "sqrtsoftplus":
            return F.softplus(gating_output).sqrt()
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"Invalid scoring function: {scoring_func}")

    if correction_bias is not None:
        n_routed_experts = gating_output.shape[-1]
        scores = scoring_func_impl(gating_output)
        scores_for_choice = scores.view(
            -1, n_routed_experts
        ) + correction_bias.unsqueeze(0)
        topk_ids = torch.topk(scores_for_choice, k=topk, dim=-1, sorted=False)[1]
        topk_weights = scores.gather(1, topk_ids)
    else:
        assert (
            hidden_states.shape[0] == gating_output.shape[0]
        ), f"Number of tokens mismatch, {hidden_states.shape=} vs {gating_output.shape=}"
        M, _ = hidden_states.shape
        topk_weights = torch.empty(
            M, topk, dtype=torch.float32, device=hidden_states.device
        )
        topk_ids = torch.empty(M, topk, dtype=torch.int32, device=hidden_states.device)
        topk_weights = scoring_func_impl(gating_output.float())
        topk_weights, topk_ids = torch.topk(topk_weights, topk, dim=-1)

    if renormalize:
        # fp32 like the reference gate (the epsilon is not representable in
        # fp16); the sum dtype and the division's type promotion upcast inside
        # the existing kernels, so no extra cast launch is needed
        topk_weights = topk_weights / (
            topk_weights.sum(dim=-1, keepdim=True, dtype=torch.float32)
            + _RENORMALIZE_SUM_EPSILON
        )
    return topk_weights, topk_ids


def fused_topk_softmax_torch_raw_logits(
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    gating_output: torch.Tensor,
    topk: int,
    renormalize: bool,
):
    assert (
        hidden_states.shape[0] == gating_output.shape[0]
    ), f"Number of tokens mismatch, {hidden_states.shape=} vs {gating_output.shape=}"

    _, topk_ids = torch.topk(gating_output, k=topk, dim=-1, sorted=False)
    logits = gating_output.float()
    topk_weights = logits.gather(1, topk_ids)
    if renormalize:
        topk_weights = F.softmax(topk_weights, dim=-1, dtype=torch.float32)

    return topk_weights.to(torch.float32), topk_ids.to(torch.int32)


def fused_topk_cpu(
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    gating_output: torch.Tensor,
    topk: int,
    renormalize: bool,
    correction_bias: torch.Tensor = None,
    scoring_func: str = "softmax",
    routed_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None,
    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output: Optional[bool] = False,
    num_fused_shared_experts: int = 0,
    packed_out: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
    num_token_non_padded: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
):
    if num_fused_shared_experts != 0:
        raise ValueError(
            f"num_fused_shared_experts must be 0 for CPU fused topk, got: {num_fused_shared_experts}"
        )
    if apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output:
        raise ValueError(
            "apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output is not supported for CPU fused topk"
        )
    if packed_out is not None:
        raise ValueError("packed_out is not supported for CPU fused topk")
    if num_token_non_padded is not None:
        raise ValueError("num_token_non_padded is not supported for CPU fused topk")

    # TODO: add c++ kernel for cpu
    # The topk_softmax_cpu kernel only handles vanilla softmax scoring with no
    # correction bias. Fall back to the torch-native impl for the rest
    # (e.g. MiniMax sets both correction_bias and scoring_func).
    if correction_bias is not None or scoring_func != "softmax":
        return fused_topk_torch_native(
            hidden_states,
            gating_output,
            topk,
            renormalize,
            correction_bias=correction_bias,
            scoring_func=scoring_func,
        )

    topk_weights, topk_ids = torch.ops.sgl_kernel.topk_softmax_cpu(
        hidden_states=hidden_states,
        gating_output=gating_output,
        topk=topk,
        renormalize=renormalize,
    )
    return topk_weights, topk_ids


def apply_topk_weights_cpu(need_apply, topk_weights, inputs):
    if not need_apply:
        return inputs, topk_weights

    # TODO: fuse below processing in fused_experts_cpu kernel
    inputs = inputs * topk_weights.to(inputs.dtype)
    topk_weights = torch.ones_like(
        topk_weights, dtype=torch.float32
    )  # clear topk_weights as already applied

    return inputs, topk_weights


def fused_topk(
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    gating_output: torch.Tensor,
    topk: int,
    renormalize: bool,
    correction_bias: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
    scoring_func: str = "softmax",
    routed_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None,
    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output: Optional[bool] = False,
    num_fused_shared_experts: int = 0,
    packed_out: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
    num_token_non_padded: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
):
    assert hidden_states.shape[0] == gating_output.shape[0], "Number of tokens mismatch"

    M, _ = hidden_states.shape

    topk_weights = torch.empty(
        M, topk, dtype=torch.float32, device=hidden_states.device
    )
    topk_ids = torch.empty(M, topk, dtype=torch.int32, device=hidden_states.device)

    if scoring_func == "softmax":
        if _use_aiter:

            # Use fused_topk instead of topk_softmax to auto dispatch to the correct kernel
            topk_weights, topk_ids = aiter_fused_topk(
                hidden_states,
                gating_output,
                topk,
                renormalize,
                topk_ids=topk_ids,
                topk_weights=topk_weights,
            )
        # ===== TO BE REFACTORED ====
        elif packed_out is not None:
            # Fused gating + routed pack (SGLANG_OPT_LORA_FUSED_TOPK_PACK): one JIT kernel
            # writes topk_weights/topk_ids AND the FlashInfer packed topk in one launch.
            from sglang.kernels.ops.moe.trtllm_lora_temp.topk_softmax_pack import (
                topk_softmax_pack,
            )

            topk_softmax_pack(
                topk_weights,
                topk_ids,
                packed_out,
                gating_output,
                renormalize,
                num_token_non_padded=num_token_non_padded,
            )
        # ===== END TO BE REFACTORED ====
        elif _is_cuda and envs.SGLANG_OPT_USE_JIT_KERNEL_FUSED_TOPK.get():
            # Unified Triton router (subsumes the AOT topk_softmax CUDA kernel).
            from sglang.kernels.ops.moe.moe_fused_gate import (
                moe_fused_gate as _jit_moe_fused_gate,
            )

            zero_bias = torch.zeros(
                gating_output.shape[1],
                dtype=torch.float32,
                device=gating_output.device,
            )
            topk_weights, topk_ids = _jit_moe_fused_gate(
                gating_output,
                zero_bias,
                topk,
                scoring_func="softmax",
                renormalize=renormalize,
            )
        else:
            topk_softmax(
                topk_weights,
                topk_ids,
                gating_output,
                renormalize,
            )
    elif scoring_func == "sigmoid":
        if _use_aiter and correction_bias is not None:
            aiter_biased_grouped_topk(
                gating_output,
                correction_bias.to(dtype=gating_output.dtype),
                topk_weights,
                topk_ids,
                num_expert_group=1,
                topk_group=1,
                need_renorm=renormalize,
            )
            if apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output:
                topk_weights *= (
                    routed_scaling_factor if routed_scaling_factor is not None else 1.0
                )
        elif _is_cuda and envs.SGLANG_OPT_USE_JIT_KERNEL_FUSED_TOPK.get():
            # Unified Triton router (subsumes the AOT topk_sigmoid CUDA kernel).
            from sglang.kernels.ops.moe.moe_fused_gate import (
                moe_fused_gate as _jit_moe_fused_gate,
            )

            bias_fp32 = (
                correction_bias.to(torch.float32)
                if correction_bias is not None
                else torch.zeros(
                    gating_output.shape[1],
                    dtype=torch.float32,
                    device=gating_output.device,
                )
            )
            topk_weights, topk_ids = _jit_moe_fused_gate(
                gating_output,
                bias_fp32,
                topk,
                scoring_func="sigmoid",
                renormalize=renormalize,
                routed_scaling_factor=routed_scaling_factor,
                apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output=apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output,
            )
        else:
            if num_fused_shared_experts > 1:
                raise ValueError(
                    "sigmoid topk supports at most one fused shared expert"
                )
            scale = (
                routed_scaling_factor
                if (
                    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output
                    and routed_scaling_factor is not None
                )
                else 1.0
            )
            topk_sigmoid(
                topk_weights,
                topk_ids,
                gating_output,
                renormalize,
                correction_bias,
                scale,
                num_fused_shared_experts,
            )
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Invalid scoring function: {scoring_func}")

    return topk_weights, topk_ids


# This is used by the Deepseek V2/V3/R1 series models
@torch.compile(dynamic=True, backend=get_compiler_backend(), disable=_is_npu)
def grouped_topk_gpu(
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    gating_output: torch.Tensor,
    topk: int,
    renormalize: bool,
    num_expert_group: Optional[int] = None,
    topk_group: Optional[int] = None,
    num_fused_shared_experts: int = 0,
    routed_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None,
    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output: Optional[bool] = False,
    scoring_func: str = "softmax",
):
    assert hidden_states.shape[0] == gating_output.shape[0], "Number of tokens mismatch"

    if scoring_func == "softmax":
        scores = torch.softmax(gating_output, dim=-1)
    elif scoring_func == "sigmoid":
        scores = gating_output.sigmoid()
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported scoring function: {scoring_func}")

    num_token = scores.shape[0]
    num_experts = scores.shape[1]
    group_scores = (
        scores.view(num_token, num_expert_group, -1).max(dim=-1).values
    )  # [n, n_group]
    group_idx = torch.topk(group_scores, k=topk_group, dim=-1, sorted=False)[
        1
    ]  # [n, top_k_group]
    group_mask = torch.zeros_like(group_scores)  # [n, n_group]
    group_mask.scatter_(1, group_idx, 1)  # [n, n_group]
    score_mask = (
        group_mask.unsqueeze(-1)
        .expand(num_token, num_expert_group, scores.shape[-1] // num_expert_group)
        .reshape(num_token, -1)
    )  # [n, e]
    tmp_scores = scores.masked_fill(~score_mask.bool(), 0.0)  # [n, e]
    topk_weights, topk_ids = torch.topk(
        tmp_scores,
        k=topk,
        dim=-1,
        sorted=(True if num_fused_shared_experts > 0 else False),
    )
    if num_fused_shared_experts:
        topk_ids[:, -1] = torch.randint(
            low=num_experts,
            high=num_experts + num_fused_shared_experts,
            size=(topk_ids.size(0),),
            dtype=topk_ids.dtype,
            device=topk_ids.device,
        )
        if routed_scaling_factor is not None:
            topk_weights[:, -1] = (
                topk_weights[:, :-1].sum(dim=-1) / routed_scaling_factor
            )

    if renormalize:
        # fp32 like the reference gate (the epsilon is not representable in
        # fp16); the sum dtype and the division's type promotion upcast inside
        # the existing kernels, so no extra cast launch is needed
        topk_weights_sum = (
            topk_weights.sum(dim=-1, keepdim=True, dtype=torch.float32)
            if num_fused_shared_experts == 0
            else topk_weights[:, :-1].sum(dim=-1, keepdim=True, dtype=torch.float32)
        )
        topk_weights = topk_weights / (topk_weights_sum + _RENORMALIZE_SUM_EPSILON)
        if apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output:
            topk_weights *= routed_scaling_factor

    topk_weights, topk_ids = topk_weights.to(torch.float32), topk_ids.to(torch.int32)

    return topk_weights, topk_ids


def grouped_topk_cpu(
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    gating_output: torch.Tensor,
    topk: int,
    renormalize: bool,
    num_expert_group: Optional[int] = None,
    topk_group: Optional[int] = None,
    num_fused_shared_experts: int = 0,
    routed_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None,
    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output: Optional[bool] = False,
    scoring_func: str = "softmax",
):
    assert not apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output
    if scoring_func != "softmax":
        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported scoring function: {scoring_func}")

    return torch.ops.sgl_kernel.grouped_topk_cpu(
        hidden_states,
        gating_output,
        topk,
        renormalize,
        num_expert_group,
        topk_group,
        num_fused_shared_experts,
        routed_scaling_factor,
        # num_token_non_padded must be None since it is not supported in kernel
        num_token_non_padded=None,
    )


def grouped_topk_xpu(
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    gating_output: torch.Tensor,
    topk: int,
    renormalize: bool,
    num_expert_group: Optional[int] = None,
    topk_group: Optional[int] = None,
    num_fused_shared_experts: int = 0,
    routed_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None,
    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output: Optional[bool] = False,
    scoring_func: str = "softmax",
):
    num_experts = gating_output.shape[1]
    experts_per_group = (
        num_experts // num_expert_group if num_expert_group else num_experts
    )

    # moe_fused_gate kernel ensures that num_experts/num_expert_group does not exceed MAX_VPT=32 now.
    if experts_per_group <= 32 and is_power_of_two(num_experts):
        from sgl_kernel import moe_fused_gate

        return moe_fused_gate(
            gating_output.to(torch.float32),
            None,  # without bias
            num_expert_group,
            topk_group,
            topk,
            renormalize=renormalize,
            scoring_func=scoring_func,
            num_fused_shared_experts=num_fused_shared_experts,
            routed_scaling_factor=(
                routed_scaling_factor if routed_scaling_factor is not None else 1.0
            ),
            apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output=bool(
                apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output
            ),
        )

    # use default implementation
    return grouped_topk_gpu(
        hidden_states,
        gating_output,
        topk,
        renormalize,
        num_expert_group,
        topk_group,
        num_fused_shared_experts,
        routed_scaling_factor,
        apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output,
        scoring_func,
    )


@torch.compile(dynamic=True, backend=get_compiler_backend(), disable=_is_npu)
def kimi_k2_biased_topk_impl(
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    gating_output: torch.Tensor,
    correction_bias: torch.Tensor,
    topk: int,
    renormalize: bool,
    routed_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None,
    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output: Optional[bool] = False,
):
    """
    Optimized version for num_expert_group=1 case (e.g., Kimi K2 with 384 experts).
    Simplifies the grouped topk logic by removing unnecessary group masking operations.
    Note: This function assumes num_fused_shared_experts=0.
    """
    assert hidden_states.shape[0] == gating_output.shape[0], "Number of tokens mismatch"

    scores = gating_output.sigmoid()
    num_token = scores.shape[0]

    # When num_expert_group=1, no need for group masking
    # Directly compute scores with correction bias
    tmp_scores = scores.view(num_token, -1) + correction_bias.unsqueeze(0)

    # Directly select topk experts (no need to sort since num_fused_shared_experts=0)
    _, topk_ids = torch.topk(tmp_scores, k=topk, dim=-1, sorted=False)
    topk_weights = scores.gather(1, topk_ids)

    if renormalize:
        # fp32 like the reference gate (the epsilon is not representable in
        # fp16); the sum dtype and the division's type promotion upcast inside
        # the existing kernels, so no extra cast launch is needed
        topk_weights_sum = topk_weights.sum(dim=-1, keepdim=True, dtype=torch.float32)
        topk_weights = topk_weights / (topk_weights_sum + _RENORMALIZE_SUM_EPSILON)
        if apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output:
            topk_weights *= routed_scaling_factor

    topk_weights, topk_ids = topk_weights.to(torch.float32), topk_ids.to(torch.int32)
    return topk_weights, topk_ids


@torch.compile(dynamic=True, backend=get_compiler_backend(), disable=_is_npu)
def biased_topk_impl(
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    gating_output: torch.Tensor,
    correction_bias: torch.Tensor,
    topk: int,
    renormalize: bool,
    scoring_func: str = "sigmoid",
    num_fused_shared_experts: int = 0,
    routed_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None,
    num_token_non_padded: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
    expert_location_dispatch_info: Optional[ExpertLocationDispatchInfo] = None,
    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output: Optional[bool] = False,
):
    assert hidden_states.shape[0] == gating_output.shape[0], "Number of tokens mismatch"

    if scoring_func == "sigmoid":
        scores = gating_output.sigmoid()
    elif scoring_func == "sqrtsoftplus":
        scores = torch.nn.functional.softplus(gating_output).sqrt()

    num_token = scores.shape[0]
    num_experts = scores.shape[1]

    scores_for_choice = scores.view(num_token, -1) + correction_bias.unsqueeze(0)
    _, topk_ids = torch.topk(
        scores_for_choice,
        k=topk,
        dim=-1,
        sorted=(True if num_fused_shared_experts > 0 else False),
    )
    topk_weights = scores.gather(1, topk_ids)

    if num_fused_shared_experts:
        topk_ids[:, -1] = torch.randint(
            low=num_experts,
            high=num_experts + num_fused_shared_experts,
            size=(topk_ids.size(0),),
            dtype=topk_ids.dtype,
            device=topk_ids.device,
        )
        if routed_scaling_factor is not None:
            topk_weights[:, -1] = (
                topk_weights[:, :-1].sum(dim=-1) / routed_scaling_factor
            )

    if renormalize:
        # fp32 like the reference gate (the epsilon is not representable in
        # fp16); the sum dtype and the division's type promotion upcast inside
        # the existing kernels, so no extra cast launch is needed
        topk_weights_sum = (
            topk_weights.sum(dim=-1, keepdim=True, dtype=torch.float32)
            if num_fused_shared_experts == 0
            else topk_weights[:, :-1].sum(dim=-1, keepdim=True, dtype=torch.float32)
        )
        topk_weights = topk_weights / (topk_weights_sum + _RENORMALIZE_SUM_EPSILON)
        if apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output:
            topk_weights *= routed_scaling_factor

    topk_weights, topk_ids = topk_weights.to(torch.float32), topk_ids.to(torch.int32)
    return topk_weights, topk_ids


def biased_topk_jit_kernel_impl(
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    gating_output: torch.Tensor,
    correction_bias: torch.Tensor,
    topk: int,
    renormalize: bool,
    scoring_func: str = "sigmoid",
    num_fused_shared_experts: int = 0,
    routed_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None,
    num_token_non_padded: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
    expert_location_dispatch_info: Optional[ExpertLocationDispatchInfo] = None,
    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output: Optional[bool] = False,
) -> Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    assert hidden_states.shape[0] == gating_output.shape[0], "Number of tokens mismatch"

    if _use_aiter and scoring_func == "sqrtsoftplus" and num_fused_shared_experts == 0:
        from aiter import topk_gating

        num_tokens = gating_output.shape[0]
        topk_weights = torch.empty(
            (num_tokens, topk), dtype=torch.float32, device=gating_output.device
        )
        topk_ids = torch.empty(
            (num_tokens, topk), dtype=torch.int32, device=gating_output.device
        )

        topk_gating(
            topk_weights,
            topk_ids,
            gating_output,
            correction_bias,
            renormalize,
            routed_scaling_factor,
            score_func="sqrtsoftplus",
        )

        return topk_weights, topk_ids

    else:
        from sglang.kernels.ops.moe.moe_fused_gate import moe_fused_gate

        topk_weights, topk_ids = moe_fused_gate(
            gating_output,
            correction_bias,
            topk=topk,
            scoring_func=scoring_func,
            num_fused_shared_experts=num_fused_shared_experts,
            renormalize=renormalize,
            routed_scaling_factor=routed_scaling_factor,
            apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output=apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output,
        )
        topk_weights, topk_ids = topk_weights.to(torch.float32), topk_ids.to(
            torch.int32
        )
        return topk_weights, topk_ids


@torch.compile(dynamic=True, backend=get_compiler_backend(), disable=_is_npu)
def biased_grouped_topk_impl(
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    gating_output: torch.Tensor,
    correction_bias: torch.Tensor,
    topk: int,
    renormalize: bool,
    num_expert_group: Optional[int] = None,
    topk_group: Optional[int] = None,
    num_fused_shared_experts: int = 0,
    routed_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None,
    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output: Optional[bool] = False,
):
    assert hidden_states.shape[0] == gating_output.shape[0], "Number of tokens mismatch"

    scores = gating_output.sigmoid()
    num_token = scores.shape[0]
    num_experts = scores.shape[1]
    scores_for_choice = scores.view(num_token, -1) + correction_bias.unsqueeze(0)
    group_scores = (
        scores_for_choice.view(num_token, num_expert_group, -1)
        .topk(2, dim=-1)[0]
        .sum(dim=-1)
    )  # [n, n_group]
    group_idx = torch.topk(group_scores, k=topk_group, dim=-1, sorted=False)[
        1
    ]  # [n, top_k_group]
    group_mask = torch.zeros_like(group_scores)  # [n, n_group]
    group_mask.scatter_(1, group_idx, 1)  # [n, n_group]
    score_mask = (
        group_mask.unsqueeze(-1)
        .expand(num_token, num_expert_group, scores.shape[-1] // num_expert_group)
        .reshape(num_token, -1)
    )  # [n, e]
    tmp_scores = scores_for_choice.masked_fill(
        ~score_mask.bool(), float("-inf")
    )  # [n, e]
    _, topk_ids = torch.topk(
        tmp_scores,
        k=topk,
        dim=-1,
        sorted=(True if num_fused_shared_experts > 0 else False),
    )
    topk_weights = scores.gather(1, topk_ids)

    if num_fused_shared_experts:
        topk_ids[:, -1] = torch.randint(
            low=num_experts,
            high=num_experts + num_fused_shared_experts,
            size=(topk_ids.size(0),),
            dtype=topk_ids.dtype,
            device=topk_ids.device,
        )
        if routed_scaling_factor is not None:
            topk_weights[:, -1] = (
                topk_weights[:, :-1].sum(dim=-1) / routed_scaling_factor
            )

    if renormalize:
        # fp32 like the reference gate (the epsilon is not representable in
        # fp16); the sum dtype and the division's type promotion upcast inside
        # the existing kernels, so no extra cast launch is needed
        topk_weights_sum = (
            topk_weights.sum(dim=-1, keepdim=True, dtype=torch.float32)
            if num_fused_shared_experts == 0
            else topk_weights[:, :-1].sum(dim=-1, keepdim=True, dtype=torch.float32)
        )
        topk_weights = topk_weights / (topk_weights_sum + _RENORMALIZE_SUM_EPSILON)
        if apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output:
            topk_weights *= routed_scaling_factor

    topk_weights, topk_ids = topk_weights.to(torch.float32), topk_ids.to(torch.int32)

    return topk_weights, topk_ids


from sglang.kernels.ops.moe.fill_padded_rows import (
    _can_fuse_padded_region,
    _fill_padded_rows,
)


def is_power_of_two(n):
    return n > 0 and math.log2(n).is_integer()


def _eplb_remap_enabled() -> bool:
    # A real logical->physical mapping only exists when EPLB is enabled, the
    # initial expert placement is non-trivial, or there are redundant physical
    # experts. Otherwise the map is identity and the remap must be skipped (it is
    # both unnecessary and not well-defined over the padded region of topk_ids).
    from sglang.srt.runtime_context import get_server_args

    try:
        server_args = get_server_args()
    except ValueError:
        # Global server args are not initialized outside the server runtime
        # (e.g. in unit tests that call select_experts directly). In that case
        # there is no EPLB mapping, so the remap must be skipped.
        return False
    return (
        server_args.enable_eplb
        or server_args.init_expert_location != "trivial"
        or server_args.ep_num_redundant_experts > 0
    )


def _mask_topk_ids_padded_region(
    topk_ids: torch.Tensor,
    num_token_non_padded: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
    fill_value: int = -1,
) -> None:
    if num_token_non_padded is None:
        return
    # TODO: let the kernel support other dtypes
    if _is_cuda and topk_ids.dtype == torch.int32 and fill_value == -1:
        mask_topk_ids(topk_ids, num_token_non_padded)
    elif _is_npu:
        return
    elif _can_fuse_padded_region(topk_ids):
        _fill_padded_rows(topk_ids, num_token_non_padded, fill_value)
    else:
        indices = torch.arange(0, topk_ids.shape[0], device=topk_ids.device)
        topk_ids[indices >= num_token_non_padded, :] = fill_value


def _zero_topk_weights_padded_region(
    topk_weights: torch.Tensor,
    num_token_non_padded: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
):
    if num_token_non_padded is None:
        return
    if _can_fuse_padded_region(topk_weights):
        _fill_padded_rows(topk_weights, num_token_non_padded, 0.0)
        return
    indices = torch.arange(0, topk_weights.shape[0], device=topk_weights.device)
    topk_weights[indices >= num_token_non_padded, :] = 0.0


@torch.compile(dynamic=True, backend=get_compiler_backend())
def _biased_grouped_topk_postprocess(
    topk_ids, expert_location_dispatch_info, num_token_non_padded
):
    topk_ids = topk_ids_logical_to_physical(topk_ids, expert_location_dispatch_info)
    _mask_topk_ids_padded_region(topk_ids, num_token_non_padded)
    return topk_ids


def biased_grouped_topk_gpu(
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    gating_output: torch.Tensor,
    correction_bias: torch.Tensor,
    topk: int,
    renormalize: bool,
    num_expert_group: Optional[int] = None,
    topk_group: Optional[int] = None,
    num_fused_shared_experts: int = 0,
    routed_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None,
    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output: Optional[bool] = False,
) -> Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    num_tokens = gating_output.shape[0]
    num_experts = gating_output.shape[1]
    experts_per_group = (
        num_experts // num_expert_group if num_expert_group else num_experts
    )

    # topk for routed experts only (shared experts are appended separately below)
    topk_routed = topk - num_fused_shared_experts
    if (
        _is_cuda
        and num_expert_group
        and num_expert_group > 1
        and envs.SGLANG_OPT_USE_JIT_KERNEL_GROUPED_TOPK.get()
    ):
        # Opt-in: unified Triton router for DeepSeek-V3 grouped routing. Bit-exact
        # with the flashinfer/AOT paths on DeepSeek-V3.2 e2e (validated); handles any
        # experts-per-group (no <=32 cap). Off by default — see the env-var comment.
        from sglang.kernels.ops.moe.moe_fused_gate import (
            moe_fused_gate as jit_grouped_gate,
        )

        return jit_grouped_gate(
            gating_output.to(dtype=torch.float32),
            correction_bias.to(dtype=torch.float32),
            topk,
            scoring_func="sigmoid",
            num_fused_shared_experts=num_fused_shared_experts,
            renormalize=renormalize,
            routed_scaling_factor=(
                routed_scaling_factor if routed_scaling_factor is not None else 1.0
            ),
            apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output=bool(
                apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output
            ),
            num_expert_group=num_expert_group,
            topk_group=topk_group,
        )
    if (
        _is_cuda
        and fused_topk_deepseek is not None
        and is_power_of_two(num_experts)
        # flashinfer constraints (applied to routed experts only)
        and topk_routed <= 8
        and topk_group <= num_expert_group
        and topk_group * num_expert_group >= topk_routed
        and (
            (experts_per_group <= 32 and experts_per_group * topk_group <= 128)
            if num_expert_group > 1
            else num_experts <= 384
        )
    ):
        # Pre-allocate output tensors (flashinfer mutates them in-place)
        topk_weights = torch.empty(
            (num_tokens, topk_routed), dtype=torch.float32, device=gating_output.device
        )
        topk_ids = torch.empty(
            (num_tokens, topk_routed), dtype=torch.int32, device=gating_output.device
        )

        # flashinfer always applies the scaling_factor internally
        scaling_factor = 1.0
        if routed_scaling_factor is not None and apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output:
            scaling_factor = routed_scaling_factor

        # flashinfer's fused_topk_deepseek
        fused_topk_deepseek(
            gating_output.to(dtype=torch.float32),
            correction_bias,
            num_expert_group,
            topk_group,
            topk_routed,
            scaling_factor,
            topk_weights,
            topk_ids,
            True,
        )

        if num_fused_shared_experts > 0:
            # Append shared expert columns: ID = num_experts (first shared slot),
            # weight = sum(routed) / scaling_factor (matching biased_grouped_topk_impl).
            # For DeepEP/MegaMOE per-rank shared-slot layout, post-process remaps
            # this placeholder ID and overwrites the shared weight for the active scaling path.
            topk_ids = F.pad(topk_ids, (0, num_fused_shared_experts), value=num_experts)
            topk_weights = F.pad(topk_weights, (0, num_fused_shared_experts))
            if routed_scaling_factor is not None:
                topk_weights[:, topk_routed:] = (
                    topk_weights[:, :topk_routed].sum(dim=-1, keepdim=True)
                    / routed_scaling_factor
                )

        return topk_weights, topk_ids

    elif _is_cuda and num_expert_group > 1:
        # CUDA grouped fallback (flashinfer unavailable / constraints unmet): the
        # unified Triton router replaces the retired AOT moe_fused_gate kernel. It
        # handles any experts-per-group (no MAX_VPT=32 cap) and any num_experts.
        from sglang.kernels.ops.moe.moe_fused_gate import (
            moe_fused_gate as jit_grouped_gate,
        )

        return jit_grouped_gate(
            gating_output.to(dtype=torch.float32),
            correction_bias.to(dtype=torch.float32),
            topk,
            scoring_func="sigmoid",
            num_fused_shared_experts=num_fused_shared_experts,
            renormalize=renormalize,
            routed_scaling_factor=(
                routed_scaling_factor if routed_scaling_factor is not None else 1.0
            ),
            apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output=bool(
                apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output
            ),
            num_expert_group=num_expert_group,
            topk_group=topk_group,
        )

    elif _use_aiter:
        assert not apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output, "Not implemented"
        token = gating_output.shape[0]
        device = gating_output.device
        assert (
            hidden_states.shape[0] == gating_output.shape[0]
        ), f"Number of tokens mismatch: hidden_states.shape[0] = {hidden_states.shape[0]}, gating_output.shape[0] = {gating_output.shape[0]}"
        topk_weights = torch.empty((token, topk), dtype=torch.float32, device=device)
        topk_ids = torch.empty((token, topk), dtype=torch.int32, device=device)
        aiter_biased_grouped_topk(
            gating_output,
            correction_bias.to(dtype=gating_output.dtype),
            topk_weights,
            topk_ids,
            num_expert_group,
            topk_group,
            renormalize,
            routed_scaling_factor if routed_scaling_factor is not None else 1.0,
        )
        return topk_weights, topk_ids
    elif _is_musa and (
        gating_output.shape[1] // num_expert_group <= 32
        or (num_expert_group == 1 and gating_output.shape[1] in {160, 256, 384})
    ):
        topk_weights, topk_ids = moe_fused_gate(
            gating_output.to(dtype=torch.float32),
            correction_bias,
            num_expert_group,
            topk_group,
            topk,
            num_fused_shared_experts,
            routed_scaling_factor if routed_scaling_factor is not None else 1.0,
            True,
            apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output,
        )
        return topk_weights, topk_ids
    else:
        num_experts = gating_output.shape[1]
        if _is_cuda and num_experts == 384 and num_expert_group == 1:
            # ===== TO BE REFACTORED ====
            _use_jit_bf16_gate = False
            if _SGLANG_EXPERIMENTAL_LORA_OPTI:
                from sglang.srt.lora.trtllm_lora_temp.environ import lora_envs

                _use_jit_bf16_gate = (
                    lora_envs.SGLANG_OPT_USE_JIT_KERNEL_KIMI_GATE.get()
                    and lora_envs.SGLANG_OPT_KIMI_GATE_BF16_INPUT.get()
                )
            if _use_jit_bf16_gate:
                from sglang.kernels.ops.moe.trtllm_lora_temp.kimi_k2_moe_fused_gate import (
                    kimi_k2_moe_fused_gate as _kimi_k2_moe_fused_gate,
                )

                # bf16 pass-through: skip the two host-side fp32 upcast kernels.
                return _kimi_k2_moe_fused_gate(
                    gating_output,
                    correction_bias,
                    topk=topk,
                    renormalize=renormalize,
                    routed_scaling_factor=routed_scaling_factor,
                    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output=apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output,
                )
            # ===== END TO BE REFACTORED ====
            from sglang.kernels.ops.moe.moe_fused_gate import moe_fused_gate as jit_gate

            return jit_gate(
                gating_output.to(dtype=torch.float32),
                correction_bias,
                topk=topk,
                scoring_func="sigmoid",
                num_fused_shared_experts=num_fused_shared_experts,
                renormalize=renormalize,
                routed_scaling_factor=(
                    routed_scaling_factor if routed_scaling_factor is not None else 1.0
                ),
                apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output=apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output,
            )
        elif (
            _is_cuda
            and num_expert_group == 1
            and topk_group == 1
            and num_fused_shared_experts == 0
            and num_experts <= 512
            and topk <= 32
        ):
            # Ungrouped sigmoid (num_expert_group == 1): use the unified Triton
            # router, which subsumes the jit grouped_topk.cuh kernel here.
            from sglang.kernels.ops.moe.moe_fused_gate import moe_fused_gate as jit_gate

            return jit_gate(
                gating_output,
                correction_bias.to(torch.float32),
                topk,
                scoring_func="sigmoid",
                renormalize=renormalize,
                routed_scaling_factor=(
                    routed_scaling_factor if routed_scaling_factor is not None else 1.0
                ),
                apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output=apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output,
            )
        elif (
            _is_xpu
            and num_expert_group == 1
            and topk_group == 1
            and num_fused_shared_experts == 0
            and num_experts <= 256
            and topk <= 8
        ):

            scale = (
                routed_scaling_factor
                if (
                    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output
                    and routed_scaling_factor is not None
                )
                else 1.0
            )

            num_tokens = gating_output.shape[0]

            topk_values = torch.empty(
                (num_tokens, topk), dtype=torch.float32, device=gating_output.device
            )
            topk_indices = torch.empty(
                (num_tokens, topk), dtype=torch.int32, device=gating_output.device
            )

            if num_tokens == 0:
                return topk_values, topk_indices

            topk_sigmoid(
                topk_values,
                topk_indices,
                gating_output,
                renormalize,
                correction_bias,
                scale,
            )

            return topk_values, topk_indices
        elif (
            _is_xpu
            # moe_fused_gate kernel ensures that num_experts/num_expert_group does not exceed MAX_VPT=32 now.
            and experts_per_group <= 32
            and is_power_of_two(num_experts)
        ):
            from sgl_kernel import moe_fused_gate

            return moe_fused_gate(
                gating_output.to(torch.float32),
                correction_bias.to(torch.float32),
                num_expert_group,
                topk_group,
                topk,
                renormalize=renormalize,
                scoring_func="sigmoid",
                num_fused_shared_experts=num_fused_shared_experts,
                routed_scaling_factor=(
                    routed_scaling_factor if routed_scaling_factor is not None else 1.0
                ),
                apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output=bool(
                    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output
                ),
            )

        else:
            return biased_grouped_topk_impl(
                hidden_states,
                gating_output,
                correction_bias,
                topk,
                renormalize,
                num_expert_group,
                topk_group,
                num_fused_shared_experts=num_fused_shared_experts,
                routed_scaling_factor=routed_scaling_factor,
                apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output=apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output,
            )


def biased_grouped_topk_cpu(
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    gating_output: torch.Tensor,
    correction_bias: torch.Tensor,
    topk: int,
    renormalize: bool,
    num_expert_group: Optional[int] = None,
    topk_group: Optional[int] = None,
    compiled: bool = True,
    num_fused_shared_experts: int = 0,
    routed_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None,
    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output: Optional[bool] = False,
):
    return torch.ops.sgl_kernel.biased_grouped_topk_cpu(
        hidden_states,
        gating_output,
        correction_bias,
        topk,
        renormalize,
        num_expert_group,
        topk_group,
        num_fused_shared_experts,
        routed_scaling_factor if apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output else None,
        # num_token_non_padded must be None since it is not supported in kernel
        num_token_non_padded=None,
    )


if _is_cpu and _is_cpu_amx_available:
    biased_grouped_topk = biased_grouped_topk_cpu
    grouped_topk = grouped_topk_cpu
    fused_topk_native = fused_topk_cpu
    fused_topk = fused_topk_cpu
else:
    biased_grouped_topk = biased_grouped_topk_gpu
    grouped_topk = grouped_topk_xpu if _is_xpu else grouped_topk_gpu
    fused_topk_native = fused_topk_torch_native


def remap_topk_for_per_rank_shared_slots(
    topk_ids: torch.Tensor,
    topk_weights: torch.Tensor,
    num_fused_shared_experts: int,
    num_physical_routed_experts: int,
    topk_config: TopKConfig,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    """Remap TopK IDs to a per-rank shared-slot layout.

    DeepEP and MegaMoE dispatch need each rank's shared expert at a unique ID
    so tokens route to the correct rank. The layout is ordered by rank:
    [rank0 routed..., rank0 shared, rank1 routed..., rank1 shared, ...].

    Routed IDs:  e -> e + e // num_local_routed
    Shared IDs:  ep_rank * num_local_experts + num_local_routed
    Shared weight: 1.0 on the aiter path, else 1/routed_scaling_factor (see below).
    """
    if topk_ids.shape[0] == 0:
        return topk_ids, topk_weights

    ep_size = get_parallel().moe_ep_size
    ep_rank = get_parallel().moe_ep_rank
    # Static EPLB may add redundant physical experts. At this point routed
    # topk_ids have already been remapped from logical to physical ids, so the
    # per-rank shared-slot layout must use the physical routed count.
    num_local_routed = num_physical_routed_experts // ep_size
    num_local_experts = num_local_routed + num_fused_shared_experts

    # Remap routed IDs: insert gaps for shared expert slots (single fused op)
    routed = topk_ids[:, :-num_fused_shared_experts]
    topk_ids[:, :-num_fused_shared_experts] = routed + routed // num_local_routed

    # Set shared expert IDs to route to home rank (vectorized)
    topk_ids[:, -num_fused_shared_experts:] = (
        ep_rank * num_local_experts
        + num_local_routed
        + torch.arange(num_fused_shared_experts, device=topk_ids.device)
    )

    # Override the fused shared expert's weight so its net contribution is 1.0x.
    #
    # The correct value depends on whether routed_scaling_factor is applied to
    # the MoE output AFTER the experts run, or already folded into the routed
    # topk weights BEFORE dispatch:
    #
    #   * Post-MoE scaling path (default): DeepseekV2MoE.forward_deepep later
    #     multiplies the whole MoE output by routed_scaling_factor, so the shared
    #     weight must be 1/routed_scaling_factor for (1/rsf) * rsf = 1.0.
    #   * aiter (HIP) path: aiter_biased_grouped_topk folds routed_scaling_factor
    #     into each routed topk weight, and forward_deepep SKIPS the post-MoE
    #     multiply for _use_aiter (see its `not (... or _use_aiter)` guard). The
    #     shared weight must therefore be 1.0 -- applying 1/rsf here would
    #     under-weight the always-on shared expert by routed_scaling_factor and
    #     corrupt every MoE layer.
    #
    # NOTE: forward_deepep also skips the post-MoE multiply for the non-aiter
    # families where routed_scaling_factor is pre-folded in topk
    # (should_fuse_routed_scaling_factor_in_topk / apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output:
    # ModelOpt NVFP4, cutlass/trtllm-routed fp8), so those would likewise need a
    # 1.0 shared weight. This fix is deliberately scoped to the aiter path (the
    # one validated on AMD MI355X); those other backends are left at their
    # existing behavior and can be addressed by their maintainers.
    routed_scaling_factor = topk_config.routed_scaling_factor
    if _use_aiter:
        topk_weights[:, -num_fused_shared_experts:] = 1.0
    elif routed_scaling_factor is not None and routed_scaling_factor != 0:
        topk_weights[:, -num_fused_shared_experts:] = 1.0 / routed_scaling_factor

    return topk_ids, topk_weights


def capture_routed_experts_if_allowed(
    topk_config: TopKConfig,
    layer_id: Optional[int],
    topk_ids: torch.Tensor,
) -> None:
    """Single capture site for every backend, gated by the per-config opt-out.

    Routing all backends through here keeps the draft-side opt-out from being
    bypassed by an inlined capturer call.
    """
    if not topk_config.allow_routed_experts_capture:
        return
    if (cap := get_global_experts_capturer()) is not None:
        cap.capture(
            layer_id=layer_id,
            topk_indices=topk_ids,
        )


def _post_process_topk_ids(
    topk_ids: torch.Tensor,
    topk_weights: torch.Tensor,
    topk_config: TopKConfig,
    router_logits: torch.Tensor,
    layer_id: int,
    num_token_non_padded: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
    expert_location_dispatch_info: Optional[ExpertLocationDispatchInfo] = None,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    num_fused_shared_experts = topk_config.num_fused_shared_experts
    use_per_rank_shared_slots = has_per_rank_fused_shared_slots(
        num_fused_shared_experts
    )
    fused_shared_experts_scaling_factor = (
        topk_config.fused_shared_experts_scaling_factor
    )
    capture_routed_experts_if_allowed(topk_config, layer_id, topk_ids)
    recorder_topk_ids = None
    if _is_cuda:
        # LP path: solve LP outside torch.compile (the solver contains an
        # EP all-reduce that can't run inside compiled regions).
        log2phy_prob = None
        if (
            expert_location_dispatch_info is not None
            and getattr(expert_location_dispatch_info, "ep_dispatch_algorithm", None)
            == "lp"
        ):
            from sglang.srt.eplb.lplb_solver import get_global_lplb_solver

            lplb_solver = get_global_lplb_solver(layer_id)
            if lplb_solver is not None:
                log2phy_prob = lplb_solver.solve(topk_ids)

        if log2phy_prob is not None:
            topk_ids = topk_ids_logical_to_physical(
                topk_ids, expert_location_dispatch_info, log2phy_prob
            )
            _mask_topk_ids_padded_region(topk_ids, num_token_non_padded)
        elif use_per_rank_shared_slots:
            # Shared experts appended as extra columns in topk_ids: their value
            # would be out-of-bounds for the logical-to-physical dispatch table,
            # so split, dispatch the routed cols, recombine.
            shared_cols = topk_ids[:, -num_fused_shared_experts:]
            routed_cols = topk_ids[:, :-num_fused_shared_experts]
            routed_cols = _biased_grouped_topk_postprocess(
                routed_cols, expert_location_dispatch_info, num_token_non_padded
            )
            topk_ids = torch.cat([routed_cols, shared_cols], dim=-1)
            # ExpertDistributionRecorder tracks EPLB physical routed experts.
            # Per-rank shared-slot remap later adds shared slots to the topk ID
            # space, so keep the routed physical ids separately for statistics.
            recorder_topk_ids = routed_cols
        else:
            topk_ids = _biased_grouped_topk_postprocess(
                topk_ids, expert_location_dispatch_info, num_token_non_padded
            )
    elif _is_hip:
        # On AMD HIP the aiter MoE kernels do not handle topk_ids=-1 safely
        # (negative indices cause illegal memory access). Always fill the padded
        # region with 0 so every kernel sees a valid in-range expert id.
        # Routing weights for padded tokens are zeroed below so their
        # contribution to the hidden state is still zero regardless of the id.
        # Regression: skipping this mask when EPLB is disabled caused garbage
        # MoE routing for models like DeepSeek-R1-MXFP4 (accuracy ~0.09 vs 0.94+).
        _mask_topk_ids_padded_region(topk_ids, num_token_non_padded, fill_value=0)
        # The logical->physical remap is only meaningful when a real
        # expert-location mapping exists. With a trivial placement and EPLB off
        # the map is identity so the remap can be skipped safely.
        if _eplb_remap_enabled():
            topk_ids = topk_ids_logical_to_physical(
                topk_ids, expert_location_dispatch_info
            )
        # NOTE (HIP): padded-token routing-weight zeroing is deferred to the
        # single pass at the end of this function (gated by SGLANG_MORI_NO_PAD_MASK).
        # That final pass re-zeros after any shared-expert append/remap, so a
        # second zeroing here would be redundant (zeroing is idempotent).

    if recorder_topk_ids is None:
        recorder_topk_ids = topk_ids

    _aiter_append = num_fused_shared_experts > 0 and _use_aiter

    if _aiter_append and use_per_rank_shared_slots:
        # Fused path: append shared experts AND apply the per-rank shared-slot
        # remap in a single Triton kernel. This replaces the original
        # fused_append_shared_experts() + eager per-rank shared-slot remap pair,
        # collapsing ~6 launch-bound elementwise kernels/layer (div_floor / add /
        # arange / fill / copy) into the one append kernel that already runs.
        #
        # Shared weight is 1.0 here because this branch is aiter-only:
        # aiter_biased_grouped_topk folds routed_scaling_factor into the routed
        # weights and forward_deepep skips the post-MoE multiply for _use_aiter,
        # so the always-on shared expert must contribute 1.0x. (The eager
        # per-rank shared-slot remap instead sets shared weight to
        # 1/routed_scaling_factor to compensate a post-MoE scale that the aiter
        # path does not apply; see PR #28237.)
        num_physical_routed_experts = (
            expert_location_dispatch_info.num_physical_experts
            if expert_location_dispatch_info is not None
            else router_logits.shape[1]
        )
        ep_size = get_parallel().moe_ep_size
        ep_rank = get_parallel().moe_ep_rank
        num_local_routed = num_physical_routed_experts // ep_size
        num_local_experts = num_local_routed + num_fused_shared_experts
        shared_id_base = ep_rank * num_local_experts + num_local_routed

        # Lazy import to avoid circular-import issues
        from sglang.kernels.ops.moe.fused_moe_triton_kernels import (
            fused_append_remap_shared_experts_deepep,
        )

        topk_ids, topk_weights = fused_append_remap_shared_experts_deepep(
            topk_ids,
            topk_weights,
            num_fused_shared_experts,
            1.0,  # shared-expert weight on the aiter path
            shared_id_base,
            num_local_routed,
        )
    elif _aiter_append:
        M, N = router_logits.shape
        scale_factor = (
            1.0
            if fused_shared_experts_scaling_factor is None
            else fused_shared_experts_scaling_factor
        )

        # Lazy import to avoid circular-import issues
        from sglang.kernels.ops.moe.fused_moe_triton_kernels import (
            fused_append_shared_experts,
        )

        topk_ids, topk_weights = fused_append_shared_experts(
            topk_ids,
            topk_weights,
            num_fused_shared_experts,
            scale_factor,
            N,  # base id for shared experts
        )

    elif use_per_rank_shared_slots:
        # DeepEP/MegaMOE: remap to per-rank shared-slot layout where each
        # rank's shared expert has a unique ID for dispatch routing.
        num_physical_routed_experts = (
            expert_location_dispatch_info.num_physical_experts
            if expert_location_dispatch_info is not None
            else router_logits.shape[1]
        )
        topk_ids, topk_weights = remap_topk_for_per_rank_shared_slots(
            topk_ids,
            topk_weights,
            num_fused_shared_experts,
            num_physical_routed_experts,
            topk_config,
        )

    if _is_hip and not _skip_hip_pad_mask:
        # Shared-expert append/remap can introduce non-zero weights after the
        # initial HIP padding mask above. Ensure padded tokens leave this helper
        # with all expert weights zeroed.
        _zero_topk_weights_padded_region(topk_weights, num_token_non_padded)

    return topk_ids, topk_weights, recorder_topk_ids


def select_experts(
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    router_logits: torch.Tensor,
    topk_config: TopKConfig,
    *,
    layer_id: Optional[int] = None,
    num_token_non_padded: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
    expert_location_dispatch_info: Optional[ExpertLocationDispatchInfo] = None,
) -> StandardTopKOutput:
    top_k = topk_config.top_k
    use_grouped_topk = topk_config.use_grouped_topk
    topk_group = topk_config.topk_group
    num_expert_group = topk_config.num_expert_group
    renormalize = topk_config.renormalize
    num_fused_shared_experts = topk_config.num_fused_shared_experts
    custom_routing_function = topk_config.custom_routing_function
    correction_bias = topk_config.correction_bias
    torch_native = topk_config.torch_native
    routed_scaling_factor = topk_config.routed_scaling_factor
    apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output = (
        topk_config.apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output
    )

    scoring_func = topk_config.scoring_func

    # Set by the fused-gating+pack branch below; None everywhere else.
    packed_topk = None

    (
        router_logits,
        correction_bias,
    ) = expert_location_dispatch.transform_select_experts_inputs(
        router_logits=router_logits,
        correction_bias=correction_bias,
        info=expert_location_dispatch_info,
    )

    # DeepSeek V2/V3/R1 series models use grouped_top_k
    # remove num_fused_shared_experts from grouped_topk/biased_grouped_topk
    num_routed_topk = top_k - num_fused_shared_experts
    if use_grouped_topk:
        assert topk_group is not None
        assert num_expert_group is not None
        if correction_bias is None:
            topk_weights, topk_ids = grouped_topk(
                hidden_states=hidden_states,
                gating_output=router_logits,
                topk=num_routed_topk if _use_aiter else top_k,
                renormalize=renormalize,
                num_expert_group=num_expert_group,
                topk_group=topk_group,
                num_fused_shared_experts=num_fused_shared_experts,
                routed_scaling_factor=routed_scaling_factor,
                apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output=apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output,
                scoring_func=scoring_func,
            )
        else:
            topk_weights, topk_ids = biased_grouped_topk(
                hidden_states=hidden_states,
                gating_output=router_logits,
                correction_bias=correction_bias,
                topk=num_routed_topk if _use_aiter else top_k,
                renormalize=renormalize,
                num_expert_group=num_expert_group,
                topk_group=topk_group,
                num_fused_shared_experts=num_fused_shared_experts,
                routed_scaling_factor=routed_scaling_factor,
                apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output=apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output,
            )
    elif torch_native and custom_routing_function is None:
        assert (
            num_token_non_padded is None
        ), "num_token_non_padded is not yet supported in fused_topk_native"
        assert expert_location_dispatch_info is None
        assert not apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output, "Not implemented"
        topk_weights, topk_ids = fused_topk_native(
            hidden_states=hidden_states,
            gating_output=router_logits,
            topk=num_routed_topk if _use_aiter else top_k,
            renormalize=renormalize,
            correction_bias=correction_bias,
            scoring_func=scoring_func,
        )
    elif custom_routing_function is None:
        if scoring_func not in ("sqrtsoftplus", "sigmoid"):
            assert not apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output, "Not implemented"

        # Keep sigmoid flag-off byte-identical: only use the JIT gate when the flag is on.
        use_jit_fused_gate = envs.SGLANG_OPT_USE_JIT_KERNEL_FUSED_TOPK.get()
        if scoring_func == "sqrtsoftplus" or (
            scoring_func == "sigmoid" and use_jit_fused_gate
        ):
            _biased_topk = (
                biased_topk_jit_kernel_impl if use_jit_fused_gate else biased_topk_impl
            )

            topk_weights, topk_ids = _biased_topk(
                hidden_states=hidden_states,
                gating_output=router_logits,
                correction_bias=correction_bias,
                topk=num_routed_topk if _use_aiter else top_k,
                renormalize=renormalize,
                scoring_func=scoring_func,
                num_fused_shared_experts=num_fused_shared_experts,
                routed_scaling_factor=routed_scaling_factor,
                num_token_non_padded=num_token_non_padded,
                expert_location_dispatch_info=expert_location_dispatch_info,
                apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output=apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output,
            )
        elif (
            get_moe_runner_backend().is_flashinfer_trtllm_routed()
            and scoring_func == "softmax"
            and correction_bias is None
        ):
            # flashinfer_trtllm_routed uses raw-logits topk
            topk_weights, topk_ids = fused_topk_softmax_torch_raw_logits(
                hidden_states=hidden_states,
                gating_output=router_logits,
                topk=num_routed_topk if _use_aiter else top_k,
                renormalize=renormalize,
            )
        else:
            # Fused gating + routed pack (SGLANG_OPT_LORA_FUSED_TOPK_PACK): only on the plain
            # CUDA softmax path with no EPLB remap / shared experts / bias / routing overrides.
            _fused_topk_pack = False
            if _SGLANG_EXPERIMENTAL_LORA_OPTI:
                from sglang.srt.lora.trtllm_lora_temp.environ import lora_envs

                _fused_topk_pack = lora_envs.SGLANG_OPT_LORA_FUSED_TOPK_PACK.get()
            if (
                _fused_topk_pack
                and _is_cuda
                and not _use_aiter
                and scoring_func == "softmax"
                and correction_bias is None
                and expert_location_dispatch_info is None
                and num_fused_shared_experts == 0
                and not envs.SGLANG_SIMULATE_UNIFORM_EXPERTS.get()
                and not envs.SGLANG_SIMULATE_ROUND_ROBIN_EXPERTS.get()
            ):
                num_experts = router_logits.shape[-1]
                if num_experts & (num_experts - 1) == 0 and num_experts <= 512:
                    packed_topk = torch.empty(
                        (hidden_states.shape[0], top_k),
                        dtype=torch.int32,
                        device=hidden_states.device,
                    )

            # Qwen3MOE uses fused_topk
            _fused_topk_kwargs = {}
            # ===== TO BE REFACTORED ====
            # Only the experimental fused topk+pack passes packed_out/num_token_non_padded;
            # the default call keeps the upstream signature (fused_topk_cpu lacks these).
            if packed_topk is not None:
                _fused_topk_kwargs = dict(
                    packed_out=packed_topk,
                    num_token_non_padded=num_token_non_padded,
                )
            # ===== END TO BE REFACTORED ====
            topk_weights, topk_ids = fused_topk(
                hidden_states=hidden_states,
                gating_output=router_logits,
                topk=num_routed_topk if _use_aiter else top_k,
                renormalize=renormalize,
                correction_bias=correction_bias,
                scoring_func=scoring_func,
                num_fused_shared_experts=num_fused_shared_experts,
                routed_scaling_factor=routed_scaling_factor,
                apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output=apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output,
                **_fused_topk_kwargs,
            )
    else:
        # custom_routing_function itself is padding-unaware; its output on
        # padded rows is garbage. That is fine because _post_process_topk_ids
        # below masks rows >= num_token_non_padded (-1 on CUDA, 0 + zeroed
        # weights on HIP) after the logical->physical remap.
        assert not apply_routed_scaling_factor_on_output, "Not implemented"
        topk_weights, topk_ids = custom_routing_function(
            hidden_states=hidden_states,
            gating_output=router_logits,
            topk=num_routed_topk if _use_aiter else top_k,
            renormalize=renormalize,
        )

    simulate_uniform_experts = envs.SGLANG_SIMULATE_UNIFORM_EXPERTS.get()
    simulate_round_robin_experts = envs.SGLANG_SIMULATE_ROUND_ROBIN_EXPERTS.get()
    if simulate_uniform_experts and simulate_round_robin_experts:
        raise ValueError(
            "SGLANG_SIMULATE_UNIFORM_EXPERTS and "
            "SGLANG_SIMULATE_ROUND_ROBIN_EXPERTS are mutually exclusive"
        )

    if simulate_uniform_experts:
        # Benchmark-only: override gating with random-offset uniform expert assignment
        # to avoid expert imbalance from dummy/random weights. Do NOT use in production.
        num_tokens, k = topk_ids.shape
        num_experts = router_logits.shape[1]
        if k > 0:
            offsets = torch.randint(
                0, num_experts, (num_tokens, 1), device=topk_ids.device
            )
            steps = torch.arange(k, device=topk_ids.device).unsqueeze(0)
            step = max(num_experts // k, 1)
            topk_ids = ((offsets + steps * step) % num_experts).to(topk_ids.dtype)
            topk_weights = torch.ones_like(topk_weights) / k
    elif simulate_round_robin_experts:
        # Benchmark-only: override gating with deterministic expert assignment
        # to avoid routing noise from dummy/random weights. Do NOT use in production.
        num_tokens, k = topk_ids.shape
        num_experts = router_logits.shape[1]
        topk_ids = _make_round_robin_expert_ids(
            num_tokens,
            k,
            num_experts,
            device=topk_ids.device,
            dtype=topk_ids.dtype,
            layer_id=layer_id,
        )
        if k > 0:
            topk_weights = torch.full_like(topk_weights, 1.0 / k)

    topk_ids, topk_weights, recorder_topk_ids = _post_process_topk_ids(
        topk_ids=topk_ids,
        topk_weights=topk_weights,
        topk_config=topk_config,
        router_logits=router_logits,
        num_token_non_padded=num_token_non_padded,
        layer_id=layer_id,
        expert_location_dispatch_info=expert_location_dispatch_info,
    )

    get_global_expert_distribution_recorder().on_select_experts(
        topk_ids=recorder_topk_ids
    )

    # ===== TO BE REFACTORED ====
    if packed_topk is not None:
        return StandardTopKOutputPacked(
            topk_weights, topk_ids, router_logits, packed_topk
        )
    # ===== END TO BE REFACTORED ====
    return StandardTopKOutput(topk_weights, topk_ids, router_logits)


# NOTE: the AOT sgl_kernel::moe_fused_gate and sgl_kernel::kimi_k2_moe_fused_gate
# ops (and their torch.compile fake impls) were retired here — both CUDA gate
# paths now route through the unified Triton router (kernels/ops/moe/moe_fused_gate.py),
# whose Python impl is traceable directly, so no register_fake shim is needed.
